french francs to dollars in 1960

the minimum on Tuesday, 27 September 2022. Sources: Beginning in 1945 at a rate of 480 francs to the British Pound (119.1 to the U.S. dollar), by 1949 the rate was 980 to the Pound (350 to the Dollar). Use MathJax to format equations. What can be done to revive it? The abbreviation "NF" was used on the 1958 design banknotes until 1963. - Edvinsson, R, and Sderberg, J., 2010, 'The evolution of Swedish consumer prices 12902008', in Historical Monetary and Financial Statistics for Sweden: Exchange rates, prices and wages 12772008 (eds. Copyright 2019 David Challis. At the time of the complete changeover to the euro on 1 January 2002, coins in circulation (some produced as recently as 2000) were: Coins were freely exchangeable until 17 February 2005 at Banque de France only (commercial banks were not required to accept the old coins after the transition period in 2002, but some did), by converting their total value in francs to euros (rounded to the nearest cent) at the fixed rate of 6.55957 francs for 1 euro. Historical Old french franc / US dollar. During the Belle poque, the 100-franc gold coin was called a "monaco", referring to the flourishing casino business in Monte Carlo. 1960: Franc: 406,375,000 Shop eBay! Sveriges Riksbank and Ekerlids, Stockholm. . History [ edit] In 1954, the 10,000-franc notes were introduced. France entered another turbulent period during the War of the Spanish Succession from 1701 to 1714, resulting in another debasement of the livre tournois. In 2007, it took 1,3415 dollars to buy one euro. This is for informational purposes only. Historical French franc / US dollar. For the record, I am not a financial specialist, I was researching the data in the context of the use of money in an old film from that era. French Franc to One U.S. Dollar, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jan 1971 to Dec 2001 (2006-03-08) Monthly Jan 1960 to Feb 2022 (Mar 10) National Currency Units per US Dollar, Annual 1960 to 2021 (Jan 18) National Currency Units per US Dollar, Quarterly Quantitative Finance Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for finance professionals and academics. Swiss Franc (CHF) = US Dollar (USD) 1960 Swiss Franc = 2,187 US Dollar. In the late 1840s, 100 and 200-franc notes were added, while 5, 20 and 50 francs were added in the 1860s and 70s, although the 200-franc note was discontinued. During Nigeria's civil war of 1967-1970, de Gaulle's government supported the Republic of Biafra in its struggle to gain independence from Nigeria. It circulated alongside the Monegasque franc in Monaco, with which it had equal value. In subsequent centuries the French kings would struggle to implement fixed standards for the livre over a decentralized realm of Frankish feudal rulers, many of whom claimed the right to issue currency within their own domains, and often resorting to currency debasements in moments of stringency. 35. It abandoned the revolutionary symbols of the coinage 1795, now showing Napoleon in the manner of Roman emperors, first described as "Bonaparte Premier Consul" and with the country named as "Rpublique Franaise". Sveriges Riksbank and Ekerlids, Stockholm. Sveriges Riksbank 16681924. In January 1960 the French franc was revalued at 100 existing francs. Only one further major devaluation occurred (in August 1969) before the Bretton Woods system was replaced by free-floating exchange rates. - Bohlin, J, 'From appreciation to depreciation the exchange rate of the Swedish krona, 19132008', in Historical Monetary and Financial Statistics for Sweden: Exchange rates, prices and wages 12772008 (eds. This coin and its fractions circulated until 1641 when Louis XIII of France replaced it with the silver cu. ("Yes, it is Europe, from the Atlantic to the Urals, it is Europe, it is the whole of Europe, that will decide the destiny of the world."). 100 New Centimes = 1 New Franc, Leafy branch divides date and denomination. In any case, it is still remembered in France as a defining era of modern French foreign policy, and it still largely inspires policy to this day. He set about building Franco-German cooperation as the cornerstone of the European Economic Community (EEC), paying the first state visit to Germany by a French head of state since Napoleon. [4] The French franc was a commonly held international reserve currency of reference in the 19th and 20th centuries. A considerable acceleration in the debasement of the French, English and Dutch currencies occurred during the reign of the Valois-Angoulme kings in the 16th century amidst the huge influx of precious metals from the American continent arriving through the Habsburg Netherlands. How superannuation laws are strangling Australias art scene. [citation needed]. An exchange rate between two currencies fluctuates over time. France also reduced its dollar reserves, trading them for gold from the U.S. government, thereby reducing America's economic influence abroad. The common currency was based on the franc germinal, with the name franc already being used in Switzerland and Belgium, whilst other countries minted local denominations, redeemable across the bloc with 1-to-1 parity, though with local names: e.g., the peseta. Was an annual wage of 25 pounds per year in 1780 much compared to the wage rates at the time? 1 centime (~ 0.15 euro cents) stainless steel, rarely circulated (last production stopped first in 1982, then in 1987 due to high production cost, and lack of demand due to its very low value). Economically, this sound money was a great success and Napoleon's fall did not change that. Despite lack of official recognition, de Gaulle provided covert military assistance through France's former African colonies. Although the left progressed, the Gaullists won an increased majority, despite opposition from the Christian democratic Popular Republican Movement and the National Centre of Independents and Peasants (CNIP) who criticized de Gaulle's euroscepticism and presidentialism. Old one and two franc pieces continued to circulate as centimes (no new centimes were minted for the first two years), 100 of them making a nouveau franc (the abbreviation NF was used on banknotes for some time). Then followed the economic failure of the Directoire: coins were still very rare. He also declared that all foreign military forces had to leave French territory, giving them one year to redeploy. 747 views in just 24 hours! The huge demonstrations and strikes in France in May 1968 severely challenged de Gaulle's legitimacy. History of daily rates AFR /USD since Monday, 28 February 2022. Between 1998 and 2002, the conversion of francs to euros was carried out at a rate of 6.55957 francs to 1 euro. I stumbled onto a bit of a mystery. (. In January 1960 the French franc was revalued, with 100 existing francs making one nouveau franc. [citation needed], All franc coins and banknotes ceased to be legal tender in January 2002, upon the official adoption of the Euro. An edict dated 20 April 1365 established the centrepiece of this policy, a gold coin officially called the denier dor aux fleurs de lis which had a standing figure of the king on its obverse, pictured under a canopy. [1] Many Britons took de Gaulle's "non" as an insult, especially with the role the United Kingdom had played in the Liberation of France only 19 years earlier. Was an annual wage of 25 pounds per year in 1780 much compared to the wage rates at the time? The exodus accelerated after the 5th of July 1962 massacre.[2]. What was the ratio of French Franc to Dollars back in 1960? Currency FRA doesn't have legal tender anymore, it was replaced by currency FRF since 1960-01-01. The comparison is based on data gathered within the project Historical monetary and financial statistics for Sweden. $ 1961: Franc: 119,611,000 Shop eBay! to (Apr 20), National Currency Units per US Dollar, Annual, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Francs per Dollar, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Index 2002=100, Annual, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Marks per 100 Francs, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Jan 1970 Rodney Edvinsson, Tor Jacobson and Daniel Waldenstrm). Q1 2023 Get the latest 1 US Dollar to French Franc rate for FREE with the original Universal Currency Converter. [15] After a brief return to the gold standard between 1928 and 1936, the currency was allowed to resume its slide, until in 1959 it was worth less than 2.5% of its 1934 value. [17] After two centuries of inflation, it was redenominated in 1960, with each new franc (NF) being worth 100old francs. He and de Gaulle both shared the same non-Wilsonian approach to world affairs, believing in nations and their relative strengths, rather than in ideologies, international organizations, or multilateral agreements. About NGC; Press Coverage; Intro to Coin Collecting; . 1 Old Franc = 1 New Centime Check send rates French Franc to US Dollar conversion Last updated Apr 28, 2023, 23:57 UTC Convert French Franc to US Dollar Normally a good SE answer is slow to arise but this is a perfect answer to my question. John II died as a prisoner in England and his son, Charles V was left to pick up the pieces. Only one further major devaluation occurred (11% in August 1969) before the Bretton Woods system was replaced by free-floating exchange rates. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. Succeeding governments maintained Napoleon's weight standard, with changes in design which traced the political history of France. [citation needed], A first attempt to introduce a nickel 2-franc coin in 1960 failed. [citation needed], In August 1795, the Monetary Law replaced the livre ("pound") with the franc, which was divided into 10 dcimes ("tenths") and 100 centimes ("hundredths"). Philip Grierson. Archival Currency Converter 1916-1940 - University of Melbourne Create a chart for any currency pair in the world to see their currency history. In the accompanying deflation, both prices and wages fell, but wages fell faster and debtors had to settle up in better money than they had borrowed. In 1963, Germany and France signed a treaty of friendship, the lyse Treaty. URL: http://www.measuringworth.com/gold/ Along with the Spanish peseta, the French franc was also a de facto currency used in Andorra (which had no national currency with legal tender). The currency devaluation contributed to French demands for high reparations payments from Germany. Towards the reign of King Philip IV le Bel came pressures to further debase the denier, which occurred in 1317 when the Gros Tournois was raised to 15 deniers Tournois or 12 deniers (1 sol) Parisis, thus commencing the fixed parity of 4 deniers Parisis to 5 deniers Tournois. the Livre tournois. Henry III exploited the association of the franc as sound money worth one livre tournois when he sought to stabilize French currency in 1577. Once the bimetallic coins were circulating and produced in necessary quantities, the aluminium-bronze pieces were gradually withdrawn and demonetized. - Reinhart, C, and Rogoff, K, 2002, 'The modern history of exchange rate arrangements: A reinterpretation'. The French Franc and its replacement by the Euro, "The History of Currency, 1252-1894: Being an Account of the Gold and Silver Moneys and Monetary Standards of Europe and America, Together with an Examination of the Effects of Currency and Exchange Phenomena on Commercial and National Progress and Well-being", "Gold, Guilds and Government - The Impact of Monetary and Labour Policies on the Flemish Cloth Industry, 1390-1435", "Ordonnance n58-1341 du 27 dcembre 1958 NOUVEAU FRANC", "Short-Lived French Coin Is a Dealer's Delight", "The Little 10-France Coin That Couldn't", "As Old Francs Expire, France Makes a Small Mint", French franc (19511999) and euro (1999ongoing) inflation calculators and charts, Banknotes of France: Detailed Catalog of French Francs, Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union, European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_franc&oldid=1149834057, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2015, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles containing Kinyarwanda-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles containing Luxembourgish-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, value; abstract pattern; date; national motto (, aluminum-bronze (outer ring and core); nickel (middle ring), Hector Berlioz, holding guitar given him by Paganini; Villa Medici, Rome, Maurice Quentin de la Tour, St. Quentin city hall, Eugne Delacroix, Place Furstenberg, Paris, Blaise Pascal, Port Royal des Champs monastery, Versailles, In the notes printed in 19921993, the name of Saint-Exupry was misspelled as xupry at upper left on front. Many factors contributed to a general weariness of sections of the public, particularly the student youth, which led to the events of May 1968. Only the denier existed as a coin for the next 500 years, with the sou and livre functioning as accounting multiples of the denier. Price history of USD / FRF. The coins were changed, with the words Travail, famille, patrie (Work, Family, Fatherland) replacing the Republican triad Libert, galit, fraternit (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity), with the emblem of the Vichy regime added. In 1964, for the first time in 200 years, France's GDP overtook that of the United Kingdom, a position it held until the 1990s. In 1954, copper-nickel 100 francs were introduced. French Francs - University of Regina However, de Gaulle supported the principle of a just settlement for both the Arab and Jewish refugees of the Middle East within the framework of the United Nations. Their absence left the organization essentially unable to run its affairs until the Luxembourg compromise was reached in January 1966. - Edvinsson, R, 2010, 'Foreign exchange rates 1658-1803', in Historical Monetary and Financial Statistics for Sweden: Exchange rates, prices and wages 12772008 (eds. Copper coins were issued in the denominations of 1 centime, 5 centimes, 1 dcime, and 2 dcimes, designed by Augustin Dupr. Most older series were exchangeable for 10 years from date of withdrawal. In 1965, France launched its first satellite into orbit, being the third country in the world to build a complete delivery system, after the Soviet Union and the United States. This ended the ancien rgime's practice of striking coins with no stated denomination, such as the Louis d'or, and periodically issuing royal edicts to manipulate their value in terms of money of account, i.e. The outbreak of World War I caused France to leave the gold standard of the LMU. Such parities between the French livres to the Flemish and English currencies would persist up to the 1560s and would facilitate the issue of identical coin denominations across these countries.[10]. In September 1966, in a famous speech in Phnom Penh (Cambodia), he expressed France's disapproval of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, calling for a U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam as the only way to ensure peace. In 1929, the original franc germinal of 1795 was replaced by the franc Poincar, which was valued at 20% of the 1803 gold standard. The USD/FRF peg change was effective as of 10 August 1969, when it changed from 4.9371 Franc to 5.55 Franc (per 1 USD), i.e. Please use the following citation: David Challis, Archival Currency Converter 19161940, https://canvasresources-prod.le.unimelb.edu.au/projects/CURRENCY_CALC/. The emergence of the Livre Tournois as France's preferred accounting system occurred during the reign of King Louis IX with the issuance of the silver Gros tournois with 58 issued to a French Mark of silver of fineness 2324 (hence 4.044 g fine silver in a gros), and valued at 1 sol (12 deniers) in France's Touraine region though valued less than 1 sol Parisis. De Gaulle is famously known for calling the United Nations le Machin ("the thing"). What happened to the French franc value in August 1969? What was the exact date and what happened on that date to cause such a dramatic drop? At the same time gold flowing from Southern Europe started to become an important medium of exchange in the North, so gold francs worth 1 livre Tournois (16 sols Parisis) were minted at 63 to a French Mark of fine gold (hence, 3.885 g in a franc). 10-franc banknote (1976) (back) Hector Berlioz, 20-franc banknote (1983) (back) Claude-Achille Debussy. This work may be used if proper credit is given. (Apr 20), Index 2020=100, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Q1 1970 1 French franc = 0.16963 US dollar. The data used in the Archival Currency Converter 19161940 was sourced from the archival United States of America Federal Reserve Bank report titled, Section 11: Currency in the Banking and Monetary Statistics, 1914 1941. Eight years later U.S. President Richard Nixon visited the PRC and began normalizing relations. [8] The obverse legend, like other French coins, gives the king's title as Francorum Rex ("King of the Franks" in Latin) and provides another reason to call the coin a franc. Powering commercial grade rates at 300+ companies worldwide. [12] Decimalization of the franc was mandated by an act of 7 April 1795, which also dealt with the decimalization of weights and measures. 1 Old french franc = 0.0017096 US dollar. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Three separate strikes of the proposed two-decimes coin (not adopted), Always used in the plural and originally in reference to the old franc, so that new francs were known as. Accompanied PDF-file: http://krieger.jhu.edu/iae/economics/Introduction_to_the_Implied_Inflation_Rate_Data_Set.pdf. What were the most popular text editors for MS-DOS in the 1980s? [citation needed], The gold coinage also changed. The circulation of this metallic currency declined during the Republic: the old gold and silver coins were taken out of circulation and exchanged for printed assignats, initially issued as bonds backed by the value of the confiscated goods of churches, but later declared as legal tender currency. He vetoed the British application to join the EEC in 1963, because he thought that the United Kingdom lacked the political will to join the community. St. Louis, MO 63102, French Franc to One U.S. Dollar, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Q1 1960 When the Euro replaced the franc on 1 January 1999, the franc was worth less than an eighth of its original 1960 purchasing power. The French franc was a commonly held international reserve currency of reference in the 19th and 20th centuries. Canadian media outlets strongly criticized the statement, and the Prime Minister of Canada, Lester B. Pearson, a soldier who had fought in World War I and a Nobel Peace Prize winner, stated that "Canadians do not need to be liberated. Q1 2023 He briefly fled to Baden-Baden and met Massu, then French commander in Germany (to discuss possible army intervention against the protesters, according to popular unofficial accounts). Sveriges Riksbank and Ekerlids, Stockholm. - Lobell, H, 2010, 'Foreign exchange rates 18041914', in Historical Monetary and Financial Statistics for Sweden: Exchange rates, prices and wages 12772008 (eds. In December 1967, claiming continental European solidarity, he again rejected British entry into the European Economic Community. Has the cause of a rocket failure ever been mis-identified, such that another launch failed due to the same problem? [7] Its value in money of account was one livre tournois, just like the franc cheval, and this coin is universally known as a franc pied. Monthly market value data of indices: where to get? Athens, Sofia, Bucharest, Vienna. This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 18:17. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. What is the value of a 1960 franc? - Answers The Spanish doubloon or two-escudo coin was the model for the Louis d'Or 36 14 to a French Mark of gold, 1112 fine (hence 6.189 g fine gold), and valued at 10 livres. De Gaulle was convinced that a strong and independent France could act as a balancing force between the United States and the Soviet Union, a policy seen as little more than posturing and opportunism by his critics, particularly in Britain and the United States, to which France was formally allied. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_system#French_franc. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. [14] France's first decimal coinage used allegorical figures symbolizing revolutionary principles, like the coinage designs the United States had adopted in 1793. Shop MA-Shops! This coin secured the king's freedom and showed him on a richly decorated horse earning it the name franc cheval[7] (meaning "free on horse" in French). This was common until the introduction of the euro and even later. The 16th century saw the issuance of larger silver coins, first in testoons (9 g fine silver, valued at 11 sols Tournois in 1549), and later on in silver francs (12.3 g fine silver, valued at 1 Livre Tournois in 1577). In 1959, banknotes in circulation when the old franc was replaced by the new franc were: The first issue of the new franc consisted of 500, 1000, 5000 and 10,000-franc notes overprinted with their new denominations of 5, 10, 50 and 100 new francs. Get the best deals on 1960 French Paper Money when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. In 1960, France became the fourth state to acquire a nuclear arsenal, detonating an atomic bomb in the Algerian desert (a secret clause of the 1962 vian Accords with the Algerian National Liberation Front stated that "Algeria concede to France the use of certain air bases, terrains, sites and military installations which are necessary to it [France]" during five years.) - Officer, L., 2016, 'Exchange Rates Between the United States Dollar and Forty-one Currencies,', MeasuringWorth, 2016. Mar 2023 De Gaulle believed that while the war in Algeria was militarily winnable, it was not defensible internationally, and he became reconciled to the colony's eventual independence. 100 francs (~ 15.24) silver, rarely circulated (most often bought and offered as personal gifts, but rare in commercial transactions, now worth more than its face value). These currencies were all replaced by the euro in 2002. Under the leadership of President Charles de Gaulle (1959-1969), France regained its great power status. In 1361 the gros tournois of 15 deniers Tournois (1 sol Parisis) was minted at 84 to a French Mark of silver, 23/24 fine (hence, 2.79 g fine silver in a gros). The gold standard was re-introduced 1928-1936 but then abandoned again. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. It's easy-to-use, online and free! Does a password policy with a restriction of repeated characters increase security? [citation needed], Following the war, rapid inflation caused denominations below 1 franc to be withdrawn from circulation while 10 francs in copper nickel were introduced, followed by reduced size 10-franc coins in aluminium-bronze in 1950, along with 20 and 50-franc coins of the same composition. Group Converter. Old one and two franc pieces continued to circulate as centimes (none of which were minted for the first two years), 100 of them making a nouveau franc (the abbreviation NF was used on banknotes for some time). By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. After a motion of censure voted by the Parliament on 4 October 1962 de Gaulle dissolved the National Assembly and held new elections. Wikipedia does say, however, that in 1865 the franc was pegged to 0.290322581 grams of gold. The States General which met at Blois in 1577 added to the public pressure to stop currency manipulation. French franc - Wikipedia Under the leadership of President Charles de Gaulle (19591969), France regained its great power status. TREASURY REPORTING RATES OF EXCHANGE AS OF JUNE 30, 1964 (CONTINUED) Page 3 COUNTRY The US dollar rate against the British pound was 476.80 US cents per pound or 4.768 US dollars per pound. These are the lowest points the exchange rate has been at in the last 30 and 90-day periods. French francs French francs . This is a test version and may therefore contain serious errors. Some said the referendum was a self-conscious political suicide committed by de Gaulle after the traumatizing events of May 1968. 1958 Monetary Law Reform voted along with the Fifth Republic Constitution. Check live rates, send money securely, set rate alerts, receive notifications and more. The cu au soleil of 3.2754 g fine gold was raised in value from 25 to 37+12 sols Parisis (or 31+14 to approximately 47 sols Tournois). The Livre Parisis of 1 French ounce approximately matched the silver content of 16th pound sterling (1 troy ounce of sterling silver). Source amount : 1st currency : 2nd currency : Real time chart Month average Year average Candlestick chart Major historical exchange rates: It would also become the model for Germany when it started issuing the 1-ounce silver Guldengroschen divided into 21 Groschen (gros, shillings) or 252 Pfennige (pence). From this point, gold and silver-based units circulated interchangeably on the basis of a 1:15.5 ratio between the values of the two metals (bimetallism) until 1864, when all silver coins except the 5-franc piece were debased from 90% to 83.5% silver without the weights changing. to The 1795 swapping of livres to francs at the rate of 1.0125 livres = 1 franc suggest that the 6-livre ecu contained 26.67 g fine silver while the reduced 24-livre Louis contained 6.88 g fine gold. Swap currencies. De Gaulle wanted to develop an independent force de frappe. Inflation continued to erode the currency's value, but much more slowly than those of other countries. Acoustic plug-in not working at home but works at Guitar Center. The exchange rate was 20 francs for 1 RM. This issue was followed by notes of the same design but with only the new denomination shown. Nevertheless, the name "franc" continued in accounting as a synonym for the livre tournois.[11]. John II, however, was not able to strike enough francs to pay his ransom and he voluntarily returned to English captivity. The one-centime coin never circulated widely. Sign In; Join; About. In a private meeting discussing the students' and workers' demands for direct participation in business and government he coined the phrase "La rforme oui, la chienlit non," politely translated as 'reform yes, masquerade/chaos no.' Why were Fama/French Momentum Factors discontinued in 2016? The withdrawn gold and silver coins were used to finance the French Revolutionary Wars and to import food, which was in short supply. A very rare gold 100-franc coin was minted between 1929 and 1936. According to this chart (pdf), the dollar was at 18.94 per troy ounce in 1875. The US dollar rate against the British pound was 476.80 US cents per pound or 4.768 US dollars per pound. Why typically people don't use biases in attention mechanism? Charles V pursued a policy of reform, including stable coinage. This 50% advance was also seen in England in 1551 when it raised its troy ounce of sterling silver from 40 to 60 pence, and in the 17th century when Germany raised its one-ounce silver Thaler from 1 to 1+12 silver gulden. Free shipping for many products! French Franc to US Dollar Exchange Rate Chart | Xe Convert another currency pair. After his coronation in 1804 coins changed the obverse legend to "Napoleon Empereur", dropping his family name in the manner of regnal names. [7] In accordance with the theories of the mathematician, economist and royal advisor Nicole Oresme, Charles struck fewer coins of better quality gold than his ancestors. During the Nazi occupation of France (194044), the franc was a satellite currency of the German Reichsmark. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. For example, using the month of January 1916: Note that the physical exchange of gold under the International Gold Standard did, on occasions, give rise to arbitrage margins occurring between various currencies. Nonetheless, when the Euro replaced the franc on January 1, 1999, the franc was worth less than an eighth of its original 1960 value. Date. The close of the 15th century saw the beginnings of a more centralized French currency system and the discontinuation of competing currency systems within France.
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