genetically modified food reading comprehension

The crisis over mad cow disease and the ongoing debate over genetically modified food has given Slow Food, with its on organic methods, unexpected political influence. Skill 1.C: Explain biological concepts in applied contexts. In this article, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of GMO crops, including their potential effects on human health and the environment. Are GMO foods good or bad for the environment? <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Both beet and cane sugar are found in many foods, including sweets and sodas. Report abuse. Watch video at /education/video/genetically-modified-food, Transcript for "GMO Food Fears and the First Test Tube Tomato". With numerous studies supporting both sides. Squash was one of the first GMOs on the market, but it is not widely grown. GMO stands for Genetically Modified Organism. What are the issues of concern for the environment? This article helps explain what GMOs are, provides a balanced explanation of their pros and cons, and gives guidance on how to identify GMO foods. Genetically Modified Organisms Reading Comprehension Article Tinkering With Nature: Weighing the Benefits and Risks of Genetically Moreover, genetic modification may be used simply to enhance the flavor and appearance of foods, such as the non-browning apple (12). Retro Report, Inc. is a Section 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization under the Internal Revenue Code; Tax ID # 27-3504415. Questions include knowledge (direct from the paper), thinking, connecting, application and open-ended varieties. Pros and cons of GMO foods: Health and environment - Medical News Today Comprehension and Fluency . In the United States, no regulations currently mandate the labeling of GMO foods. GMO crops are incredibly common in the United States, with at least 90% of soy, cotton, and corn being grown through genetic techniques (4). This article reviews the differences between beet and cane sugar to. For example, one of the most common GMO crops is Bt corn, which is genetically modified to produce the insecticide Bt toxin. However, people have concerns over their safety, and there is much debate about the pros and cons of using GMOs. Independent Oversight and Advisory Committee. GMOs are foods that have been modified using genetic techniques. Consumers have questioned the validity of risk assessments, both with regard to consumer health and environmental risks, focusing in particular on long-term effects. However, this label is voluntary. 4 0 obj For thousands of years, humans have been using traditional modification methods like selective breeding and cross-breeding to breed plants and animals with more desirable traits. No prep, no formatting, no issues. Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production. In 1994, the "Flavr Savr" tomato made its debut on supermarket shelves across the country, opening the door to the continuing dispute over genetically modified food products. Page 2. Here are some of the key concerns around GMO consumption. genetically modified (GM): an organism or crop containing genetic material that has been artificially altered so as to produce a desired characteristic genetically modified organism (GMO): any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques genotype: the genetic makeup of an organism Biofortification increases the nutritional value of crops. (2022). The potential for GM seeds to result in bigger yields per cultivated area should lead to lower prices. 1990s: The first wave of GMO produce created through genetic engineering becomes available to consumers: summer squash, soybeans, cotton, corn, papayas, tomatoes, potatoes, and canola. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Herbicide tolerance is achieved through the introduction of a gene from a bacterium conveying resistance to some herbicides. Why? What is the main reason we do not know enough about GM foods? What further developments can be expected in the area of GMOs? genetically modified food. But there is a lot we do not know about GM food. All rights reserved. What are the main issues of concern for human health? Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be defined as organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally. However, techniques used to create GMOs are important in creating some medicines as well. Is one approach more dangerous than the other? Min ph khi ng k v cho gi cho cng vic. Countries which have legislation in place focus primarily on assessment of risks for consumer health. 250-472-4747 In addition, research has shown that GMO foods are no likelier to trigger allergies than their non-GMO counterparts (16). where pest pressure is high. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. The science of genetic engineering makes it easier to grow, harvest, and distribute high volumes. This implies that some change or tweak has been made. Due to a lack of long-term human studies, more research is needed. OJ L 268, 18.10.2003, p. 1-23. How concerned should the public be about large corporations like Monsanto-Bayer that dominate the economy of GMO crops? Learn what the terms cured and uncured bacon actually mean when you see them in the store. PDF {EBOOK} Animal Farm Comprehension Check Questions And Answers Pdf Genetically Modified Food (GMF): Overview, Controversy - Investopedia What do you think are the greatest potential dangers or unintended consequences of GMO agriculture? a. GMOs are now banned in Vermont. What's the Difference Between Gene Edited Foods and GMOs? - Allrecipes GMOs are food items that have been made using genetic engineering techniques. Some GMO potatoes were developed to resist insect pests and disease. In the first paragraph, the author mentions a celebration. Research shows that foods like eggs, dairy products, and meat that come from animals that eat GMO food are equal in nutritional value, safety, and quality to foods made from animals that eat only non-GMO food. (2016). Scientists "cut and paste" a gene from another organism into a plant's DNA to give it a new characteristic. Genetically modifying some foods could make them: Also, a 2022 study suggests GMO foods could help slow climate change by reducing greenhouse gases. The crops produced in this way are called GMO crops. The written task is about cloning. Additionally, with Earth's ever-increasing . Whats the difference between a genetically modified tomato like the Flavr Savr and genetic modifications like those carried out for centuries through plant breeding practices? Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be defined as organisms (i.e. Certain groups are concerned about what they consider to be an undesirable level of control of seed markets by a few chemical companies. Human health effects of genetically engineered crops. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn is a GMO corn that produces proteins that are toxic to certain insect pests but not to humans, pets, livestock, or other animals. Have GM products on the international market passed a safety assessment? Since the first introduction on the market in the mid-1990s of a major GM food (herbicide-resistant soybeans), there has been concern about such food among politicians, activists and consumers, especially in Europe. GMO foods are likely to become a crucial tool in feeding the worlds growing population, especially in areas with harsh climates. This is meant to translate into a product with a lower price, greater benefit (in terms of durability or nutritional value) or both. For example, rice high in beta carotene, also called golden rice, was developed to help prevent blindness in regions where local diets are chronically deficient in vitamin A (11). An animal affected by genetic modifications Skills Practiced Reading comprehension - ensure that you pull the most important information from the related lesson on genetically engineered. Page 1 GMO crops are relatively new, and researchers are still investigating their long-term safety and health effects, but no evidence has yet emerged that currently available GMO foods are harmful to human health. Most GMO canola is resistant to herbicides and helps farmers to more easily control weeds in their fields. After scientists find the gene with the desired trait, they copy that gene. Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed on from parents to offspring. Tm kim cc cng vic lin quan n Ielts reading passage de profundis clamavi answers hoc thu ngi trn th trng vic lm freelance ln nht th gii vi hn 22 triu cng vic. The use of GMO crops may even reduce the risk of toxicity from some substances, as farmers can avoid using pesticides that have been harmful in the past. A study from the mid-1990s found that adding a protein from Brazil nuts to GMO soybeans could trigger an allergic reaction in people sensitive to Brazil nuts. FDA has determined that food from the AquAdvantage Salmon and the GalSafe pig are as safe and nutritious to eat as food from non-GMO salmon and pigs. 2 farmers, 2 views of Genetically Modified Foods Reading Comprehension 1. increased attractiveness to consumers, for example, apples and potatoes that are less likely to bruise or turn brown, longer shelf life and therefore less waste, greater resistance to viruses and other diseases, which could lead to less waste and increased food security, greater tolerance to herbicides, making it easier for farmers to control weeds, greater resistance to insects, allowing farmers to, less prone to waste due to disease and aging, more likely to grow in areas with poor quality soil, the risk of outcrossing, where genes from GMO foods pass into wild plants and other crops, a negative impact on insects and other species, reduction in other plant types, leading to a loss of biodiversity, a GMO canola oil with more lauric acid than traditional canola oil will be labeled laurate canola oil, a GMO soybean oil with more oleic acid than non-GMO soybean oil must be labeled high oleic soybean oil, a GMO soybean oil with a high level of stearidonic acid, which does not naturally occur in the oil, must be labeled stearidonate soybean oil, sugar beet, as 99.9% of sugar beet in the U.S. is GMO. Only a few types of GMO crops are grown in the United States, but some of these GMOs make up a large percentage of the crop grown (e.g., soybeans, corn, sugar beets, canola, and cotton). Until that time, consumers were generally not very aware of the potential of this research. Beet Sugar vs. Cane Sugar: Which Is Healthier? Slow Food Reading Answers - Collegedunia It is worth noting that 99.9% of all sugar beet harvested in the U.S. is GMO, as well as over 90% of all canola, corn, soybean, and cotton. More than 95% of animals used for meat and dairy in the United States eat GMO crops. reduction in other . What are gmos? - Purdue University College of Agriculture This is a review of papaya and its health benefits. 633 Third Avenue, 16th Floor New York, NY 10017. 2005: GMO alfalfa and sugar beets are available for sale in the United States. Initially GM seed developers wanted their products to be accepted by producers and have concentrated on innovations that bring direct benefit to farmers (and the food industry generally). Most of the currently available GMO foods are plants, such as fruit and vegetables. In addition, some GMO potato varieties have been developed to resist bruising and browning that can occur when potatoes are packaged, stored, and transported, or even cut in your kitchen. vaccines, medicines with improved treatment potential or increased safety). GMO techniques may also enhance foods nutrients, flavor, and appearance. No allergic effects have been found relative to GM foods currently on the market. Genetically modified food may seem strange, but so did other new technologies at first. PDF 2 farmers, 2 views of Genetically Modified Foods Reading Comprehension For starters, many GMO crops have been genetically modified to express a gene that protects them against pests and insects. Food insecurity, or not having enough food to eat, is a real problem for many people around the world. Genetically Modified Food: A Short Guide For the Confused . Here, we look at seven ways that these foods pose risks to health. endobj However, a growing number of weeds have developed resistance to this herbicide over time. While theoretical discussions have covered a broad range of aspects, the three main issues debated are the potentials to provoke allergic reaction (allergenicity), gene transfer and outcrossing. Should national authorities decide to conduct safety assessment of GM organisms, WHO recommends the use of Codex Alimentarius guidelines (See the answer to Question 11 below). FDA has approved an application allowing the sale of the AquAdvantage Salmon to consumers. Although GMOs are in a lot of the foods we eat, most of the GMO crops grown in the United States are used for animal food. However, there have been concerns about possible risks. % GMO Apples, Potatoes Hitting Store Shelves, This Genetically Modified Houseplant Can Detoxify the Polluted Air in Your Home, Corn 101: Nutrition Facts and Health Benefits. Scientists create GMO foods by introducing genetic material, or DNA, from a different organism through genetic engineering. In addition to nutritional value, food often has societal and historical connotations, and in some instances may have religious importance. In the project students will self-select two (2) examples of genetically modified foods (plant . While a lot of GMO corn goes into processed foods and drinks, most of it is used to feed livestock, like cows, and poultry, like chickens. This resource is suitable for high school students as well as strong middle-school students. The influence of consumers' knowledge on their responses to genetically Below, we answer some questions people often ask about GMO foods. What is genetic modification (GM) of crops and how is it done? WHO, together with FAO, has convened several expert consultations on the evaluation of GM foods and provided technical advice for the Codex Alimentarius Commission which was fed into the Codex Guidelines on safety assessment of GM foods. Is the safety of GM foods assessed differently from conventional foods? Genetically Modified Food: A Short Guide For the Confused WHO has been taking an active role in relation to GM foods, primarily for two reasons: on the grounds that public health could benefit from the potential of biotechnology, for example, from an increase in the nutrient content of foods, decreased allergenicity and more efficient and/or sustainable food production; and. b. Consumer concerns have triggered a discussion on the desirability of labelling GM foods, allowing for an informed choice of consumers. Could eating GM food have an effect on my genes? There is a small risk that GMO foods can trigger an allergic reaction, but this will only happen if the genetic change triggers the production of an allergen. The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and . 3 0 obj A few fresh fruit and vegetables are available in GMO varieties, including potatoes, summer squash, apples, papayas, and pink pineapples. The Flavr Savr was the first commercially grown, genetically engineered food approved for sale. Presently, some foods may have a third-party Non-GMO project verified label, which indicates that the product contains no GMOs. FDA requires that all food for animals, like food for human foods, be safe for animals to eat, be produced under clean conditions, contain no harmful substances, and be accurately labeled. Well, if the process of gene editing (precise alterations of an organism's existing genes) is roughly comparable to what happens with conventional breeding, where favorable traits are identified and selected for, GMOs are something different. Ielts reading passage de profundis clamavi answerscng vic T. 6334 uses nguyenhongvinh Listening Listening about GM Food 221 uses In recent decades, ultra-processed foods have become common in diets worldwide. In fact, genetic engineering, which is the process used to create GMOs, was first used to make human insulin, a medicine used to treat diabetes. There have been concerns that eating GMO foods can contribute to the development of cancer by raising levels of potentially carcinogenic substances in the body. The environmental safety aspects of GM crops vary considerably according to local conditions. It is also used as ingredients (lecithin, emulsifiers, and proteins) in processed foods. In the European Union (EU), foods with more than 0.9% GMO ingredients must list genetically modified or produced from genetically modified [name of food]. For foods without packaging, these words must be listed near the item, such as on the supermarket shelf (37). However, most of the DNA in food whether GMO or not either is destroyed by cooking or breaks down before it reaches the large intestine. reading comprehension - Read online for free. Useful for lessons focused on the growth of GMO agriculture, the video helps students see the complexities of this new approach to agriculture, and sets up a classroom discussion on the costs and benefits that GMOs bring to food and farming. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. The exclusive use of herbicide-tolerant GM crops would also make the farmer dependent on these chemicals. Still, this is difficult since most foods in your supermarket are made with ingredients from GMO crops. The first GMO food to appear on the market was a tomato, in 1994. endobj Medicines developed through genetic engineering go through an in-depth FDA approval process. As a result, the person or animal could also develop antibiotic resistance. Consumers with less education and higher income were more likely to underestimate their knowledge. Some day people will see that genetically modified food can solve many of the world's problems. We avoid using tertiary references. Genetically modified food is produced from plants which have had their genes tweaked in the lab. While browning does not change the quality of the potato, it often leads to food being unnecessarily thrown away because people mistakenly believe browned food is spoiled. In 1994, the Flavr Savr tomato made its debut on supermarket shelves across the country, opening the door to the continuing dispute over genetically modified food products. What kind of GM foods are on the market internationally? Why are GM foods produced? Food, genetically modified - WHO Codex principles do not have a binding effect on national legislation, but are referred to specifically in the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures of the World Trade Organization (SPS Agreement), and WTO Members are encouraged to harmonize national standards with Codex standards. Legal Notices | Last medically reviewed on March 24, 2023. How is a risk assessment for the environment performed? Although allergy concerns are valid, there have been no reports of allergic reactions to GMO foods currently on the market. On issues such as labelling and traceability of GM foods as a way to address consumer preferences, there is no worldwide consensus to date. For non-food use, they may include plants or animals producing pharmaceutically important proteins such as new vaccines. The Flavr Savr was the first commercially grown, genetically engineered food approved for sale. As genetically modified produce makes its way to market this year, experts debate whether these foods are safer to consume than other products. The following are the most common GMO crops produced and sold in the U.S.: Derivatives of these foods, such as cornstarch and sugar, also feature in other manufactured foods. you want to download you have to send your own contributions. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), GMO seeds are used to plant over 90% of all maize (corn), cotton, and soy grown in the United States, which means that many of the foods you eat likely contain GMOs (1). Yet, as of January 2022, the USDA requires food manufacturers to label all foods containing GMO ingredients (33). What Are Genetically Modified Foods? - WebMD Are GMO food products in the U.S. required to be labeled? Europeans tend to be skeptical about the consumption of genetically modified foods and there is strong consumer pressure, supported by the Green parties, to ban farmers from growing GM crops in the . It includes several tasks (reading comprehension + grammar). Virus resistance is achieved through the introduction of a gene from certain viruses which cause disease in plants. Countries which have regulatory provisions for GM foods usually also regulate GMOs in general, taking into account health and environmental risks, as well as control- and trade-related issues (such as potential testing and labelling regimes). 7 However, using genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food has been a controversial practice ever. GMOs, short for genetically modified organisms, are subject to a lot of controversy. This is because they must meet the same safety standards as other foods, and there should be no need for additional regulation. Our experts can deliver a Advantages of Using Genetically Modified Foods essay. Genes are made up of DNA, which is a set of instructions for how cells grow and develop. Issues of concern include: the capability of the GMO to escape and potentially introduce the engineered genes into wild populations; the persistence of the gene after the GMO has been harvested; the susceptibility of non-target organisms (e.g. stream a negative impact on insects and other species. Students will learn how President Bill Clinton signed a welfare bill to reform a program created as part of the New Deal in 1935; and how the bill has reshaped the relationship between poor Americans and the government. These are the same types of proteins that organic farmers use to control insect pests, and they do not harm beneficial insects, such as ladybugs. 20 Questions on Genetically Modified (GM) Foods - IATP All medicines must be proven to be safe and effective before they are approved for human use. 1922: The first hybrid corn is produced and sold commercially. The food safety assessment is usually based on Codex documents. The text is about the pros and cons of GM foods. Genetically Modified Organisms. Tackle literacy and science by having your students read and answer questions from a scientific article. National food authorities may be called upon to examine the safety of such conventional foods obtained from novel varieties of organisms, but this is not always the case. Most GMO soy is used for food for animals, predominantly poultry and livestock, and making soybean oil. "GMO" (genetically modified organism) has become the common term consumers and popular media use to describe foods that have been created through genetic engineering. To make it easier for consumers to know if the foods they eat contain GMO ingredients, the U.S. Department of Agriculture maintains a list of bioengineered foods available throughout the world. While current research suggests few risks, more long-term research is needed. The above lesson is a great teaching resource for. Read more. Most of the foods we eat today were created through traditional breeding methods. They must meet the same safety requirements as non-GMO foods. The GalSafe pig was developed to be free of detectable alpha-gal sugar on its cell surfaces. open reading frames; PMEM; post-market environmental monitoring; Appendix A - List of relevant publications identified by the applicant through .
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