Reinhard Heydrich Heinze was born the following year on September 29, 1905. Reinhard Heydrich, in full Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich, byname The Hangman, German Der Henker, (born March 7, 1904, Halle, Germanydied June 4, 1942, Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now in Czech Republic]), Nazi German official who was Heinrich Himmlers chief lieutenant in the Schutzstaffel (Protective Echelon), the paramilitary corps commonly known as the SS. Son of Bruno Heydrich and Elisabeth* Anna Heydrich (Krantz) Husband of Lina Mathilde Heydrich Father of Reinhard Klaus* Heydrich; Heider Heydrich; Private and Private Brother of Maria Barthel and Heinz* Siegfried Heydrich Reinhard Heydrich By Lisette Allen 1st September 2017 The killing of Reinhard Heydrich, a key architect of the Final Solution, was one of the greatest acts of wartime resistance in occupied Europe. The games were used to promote the propaganda aims of the Nazi regime. Reinhard Heydrich [44] To mark the occasion of Heydrich's December wedding, Himmler promoted him to the rank of SS-Sturmbannfhrer (major). By Allan Hall for MailOnline Updated: 12:14 EDT, 28 March 2011. Nazi intelligence falsely linked the Czech and Slovak soldiers and resistance partisans to the villages of Lidice and Leky. [46] Within the Nazi organisation such innuendo could be damning, even for the head of the Reich's counterintelligence service. The Czech lands were an important industrial zone for the German military, and indiscriminate killing could reduce the region's productivity. top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich opened in In his early life, he had a strong desire to join the army. But the director of the Lidice memorial, Milous Cervencl, is not opposed to the castle being restored. He evaded a Soviet patrol and contacted a forward German patrol. Newspapers have carried strong editorials decrying his 'insensitivity' at wanting to restore a place 'from where orders for the deaths of thousands were given'. In December 1930 he attended a rowing-club ball and met Lina von Osten. Heydrich [104], By 3 October 1941, Czechoslovak military intelligence in London had made the decision to kill Heydrich.[105][106]. In the telegram, Heydrich granted permission for arson and destruction of Jewish businesses and synagogues, and ordered the confiscation of all "archival material" from Jewish community centres and synagogues. Himmler initially forbade Heydrich from flying combat missions, but later relented, allowing him to join Jagdgeschwader 77 in Norway, where he was stationed from 15 April 1940 during Operation Weserbung. Eventually they married for the purpose of changing her Outrage is growing in the Czech Republic after the son of the country's bloodthirsty Nazi leader said he wanted to restore the castle where his father lived during the Second World War. WebEberstein played a part in the first meeting of the two major leaders of both the SS and later the Holocaust: Reinhard Heydrich and Heinrich Himmler. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [161][162], Heydrich began training as a pilot in 1935, and undertook fighter pilot training at the flight school at Werneuchen in 1939. [20] Heydrich began to form positive opinions about the Vlkisch movement and anti-communism, as well as a distaste for the Treaty of Versailles and the positioning of the German-Polish border. Rudolf Diels Heydrich's third name, "Eugen", was his late maternal grandfather's forename (Eugen Krantz had been the director of the Dresden Royal Conservatory). Reign of terror: Czech people wait in Berlin for transportation out of the capital. [100] The black market was suppressed. [117] In May 1941 Heydrich drew up regulations with Quartermaster general Eduard Wagner for the upcoming invasion of the Soviet Union, which ensured that the Einsatzgruppen and army would co-operate in murdering Soviet Jews. The years 1933, 34, 35, 36 were filled with work and innumerable startup problems. Reinhard Heydrich [1] After World War II ended, she published a memoir in 1976. Reinhard Heydrich He died on 4 June; an autopsy concluded that he died of sepsis. He was also Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy/Acting Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. Lina sold the other family properties, including the home in Berlin and the hunting lodge near Nauen. This left Lina at home with the children and having to run the household alone. On 30 June 1934 the SS and Gestapo acted in coordinated mass arrests that continued for two days. Farm Heroes Saga, the #4 Game on iTunes. [137] Although Heydrich's death was employed for pro-Reich propaganda, Hitler privately blamed Heydrich for his own death, through carelessness: Since it is opportunity which makes not only the thief but also the assassin, such heroic gestures as driving in an open, unarmoured vehicle or walking about the streets unguarded are just damned stupidity, which serves the Fatherland not one whit. He died June 4 in a Prague hospital. Himmler became the Munich police chief and Heydrich became the commander of Department IV, the political police. Both towns were burned and Lidice's ruins were levelled. [100] Labor was reorganised on the basis of the German Labour Front. Heydrich labelled them "economic criminals" and "enemies of the people", which helped gain him support. WebAnswer (1 of 5): From what I can recall of Heydrichs biography that I read, one of his young sons, Klaus, died during the war, as a result of a traffic accident in 1943. [74] This action was to be coordinated among the representatives from the Nazi state agencies present at the meeting. [123] On 20 January 1942, Heydrich chaired a meeting, now called the Wannsee Conference, to discuss the implementation of the plan. He explained, "Making this Czech garbage into Germans must give way to methods based on racist thought."[92]. Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. This left Lina at home with the children and having to run the household alone. She further won the right to receive a pension as the result of a series of court cases against the West German government in 1956 and 1959. The exact number of people who vanished under it has never been positively established, but it is estimated to be 7,000. Reinhard Heydrich [27] Admiral Erich Raeder dismissed Heydrich from the navy in April. All the men were shot and the women and children were sent to concentration camps. Reinhard Heydrich, also known as The Butcher, rose to be Obergruppenfhrer of the notorious S.S. in Nazi Germany. He was placed on his stomach in the back of the van and taken to the emergency room at Bulovka Hospital. At this point, the SS was still part of the SA, the early Nazi paramilitary organisation which now numbered over 3 million men. Heinz Siegfried Heydrich was the son of Richard Bruno Heydrich and the younger brother of SS General Reinhard Heydrich. [163][164] While in Norway, Heydrich also organized the arrests of political opponents and arranged for a contingent of 200 SiPo and SD men to be stationed in several major cities. Heydrich made an emergency landing behind enemy lines. [51] The first concentration camps, which were originally intended to house political opponents, were established in early 1933. WebWe would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. [43] Information on thousands of people was recorded on index cards and stored at the Brown House. During World War II, while serving as one of the highest ranking officers in the SS, Heydrich was also a Reserve Officer in the less intimidating rank of a Luftwaffe Captain. [41] Heydrich later received a Totenkopfring from Himmler for his SS service. [90] Upon his appointment, Heydrich told his aides: "We will Germanize the Czech vermin. The Germans attempted to flush the men out with gunfire and tear gas, and by flooding the crypt. [54] On 9 June 1934, Rudolf Hess declared the SD the official Nazi intelligence service. [29], On 30 May 1931, Heydrich's discharge from the navy became legally binding,[30] and either the following day[30] or on 1 June he joined the Nazi Party in Hamburg. He was promoted to SS-Obergruppenfhrer und General der Polizei on 24 September 1941. On 1 April 1924 he was promoted to senior midshipman (Oberfhnrich zur See) and sent to officer training at the Naval Academy Mrwik. The daughter of a minor German aristocrat (he worked as a village schoolteacher), she joined the Nazi Party in 1929 and met Reinhard Heydrich in December 1930. [77] Heydrich became the president of the International Criminal Police Commission (later known as Interpol) on 24 August 1940,[78] and its headquarters were transferred to Berlin. [57] The purge became known as the Night of the Long Knives. Supporters of the assassins who were killed in the wake of these events included the church's leader, Bishop Gorazd, who is now revered as a martyr of the Orthodox Church. [65], Heydrich was assigned to help organise the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. [140] A recent biography of Heydrich also places the grave in Section A. After Heydrich's death, implementation of the policies formalised at the Wannsee conference he chaired was accelerated. He became a naval cadet at Kiel, Germany's primary naval base. He was appointed SS chief for Berlin in 1934, and when Himmler became chief of all German police forces in 1936, Heydrich took charge of the SD, the criminal police, and the Gestapo. He improved his index-card system, creating categories of offenders with colour-coded cards. [16] These rumours increased after his maternal uncle Hans Krantz married a Hungarian Jew named Iza Jarmy. The junction in the Prague suburb of Libe was well suited for the attack because motorists have to slow for a hairpin bend. [93][b] Those who were not executed were sent to Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp, where only four per cent of Czech prisoners survived the war. Himmler was so impressed that he hired Heydrich immediately as the chief of the new SS 'Ic Service' or Intelligence Service (which later became known as the Sicherheitsdienst (SD)). Le SS avevano quattro cardini mitologici principali incorporate nella loro struttura Rhm was shot without trial, along with the leadership of the SA. In the WVHA "Central Inmate File", as in many camp files, these prisoners would be given a special "covert prisoner" code, as opposed to the code for POW, Felon, Jew, Gypsy, etc. Heydrich started his rule by terrorising the population: he proclaimed martial law, and 142 people were executed within five days of his arrival in Prague. WebBirthdate: December 28, 1934. Historians regard Heydrich as the most fearsome member of the Nazi elite. [35] Himmler asked Heydrich to convey his ideas for developing an SS intelligence service. [71], In mid-1939, Heydrich created the Stiftung Nordhav Foundation to obtain real estate for the SS and Security Police to use as guest houses and vacation spots. [90] He viewed the area as a bulwark of Germandom and condemned the Czech resistance's "stabs in the back". 6. In September 1941 Heydrich had been appointed Reichsprotektor (governor) of Bohemia and Moravia (now in the Czech Republic). detested Nazi leader sparks outrage after announcing Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Jan Kubi and Jozef Gabk headed the team chosen for the mission, trained by the British Special Operations Executive (SOE). the planned total measures are to be kept strictly secret the first prerequisite for the final aim ("Endziel") is the concentration of the Jews from the countryside into the larger cities. Their father, Bruno Heydrich was a composer and opera singer. [132] A splenectomy was performed, and the chest wound, left lung, and diaphragm were all debrided. 3. [99], As Acting Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia, Heydrich applied carrot-and-stick methods. [95][96][97], In March 1942, further sweeps against Czech cultural and patriotic organisations, the military, and the intelligentsia resulted in the practical paralysis of the London-based Czech resistance. Some historians believe that the impracticality of this plan encouraged the Nazi course of mass murder. Play it now! While still chief of the He spoke highly of the movement to Lina and she attended a Party rally in 1929 where Adolf Hitler spoke. Hitler approved Heydrich's plan to act immediately. [59] The Gestapo had the authority to arrest citizens on the suspicion that they might commit a crime, and the definition of a crime was at their discretion. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Heydrich joined a Freikorps paramilitary unit in 1919 and entered the German navy in 1922. The decision by Heider Heydrich, his son, to help rebuild the dilapidated castle in Panenske Brezany, near Prague, where he once lived has provoked fury. His changes to the government's structure left President Emil Hcha and his cabinet virtually powerless. German documents suggest that Hitler intended to transfer him to German-occupied France where the French resistance was gaining ground. She was entitled to a substantial pension because her husband was a German Police general killed in action. Reinhard passed away on June 4 1942, at age 38 in Prague. He led a brutal regime against the people, executing and arresting thousands and sending many to Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp. The explosion ripped through the right rear fender and wounded Heydrich, with metal fragments and fibres from the upholstery causing serious damage to his left side. At Wannsee, senior Nazi officials formalised plans to deport and exterminate all Jews in German-occupied territory and those countries not yet conquered. In 1933, Heydrich gathered some of his men from the SD and together they stormed police headquarters in Munich and took over the organisation using intimidation tactics. WebIn The Hangman and His Wife, Nancy Dougherty, and, following her death, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, masterfully explore who Heydrich was and how he came to be, and how he came to do what he did. Thousands have signed an internet petition opposing having anything to do with his offer. In August, he was transferred to Munich where he lived alone in a boarding house which rented rooms to unmarried SS men. Lutze was appointed SA's new head and it was converted into a sports and training organisation. Reinhard Heydrich, also known as The Butcher, rose to be Obergruppenfhrer of the notorious S.S. in Nazi Germany. They were born into a wealthy and cultured household. His success in pacifying the Czech population lulled Heydrich into a false sense of security, and on May 27, 1942, two Free Czech agents mortally wounded him with a bomb while he was riding in his car without an armed escort. By the late 1930s, the duties of Reinhard Heydrich led him to work long hours and often be away from home. Reinhard heydrich part iii codoh. Many historians regard Heydrich as one of the darkest figures within the Nazi regime;[5][6][7] Adolf Hitler described him as "the man with the iron heart". To realise his goals, Heydrich demanded racial classification of those who could and could not be Germanized. Butcher of Prague: 7 Facts About the [72] The Wannsee Villa, which the Stiftung Nordhav acquired in November 1940,[73] was the site of the Wannsee Conference (20 January 1942). Washington Post [165], On 20 July 1941, without seeking authorization from Himmler, Heydrich rejoined Jagdgeschwader 77 during Operation Barbarossa, arriving at Yampil, Vinnytsia Oblast in a borrowed Me 109. The telegram is evidence number PS-3363 from the Oswald Pohl case at the Nuremberg Trials. Heydrich reinhard tristan encyclopedia. For other people with the surname, see, Acting Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia. Lina Heydrich Updates? [70] In the Anschluss on 12 March, Hitler declared the unification of Austria with Nazi Germany.